D1

D1 is currently in open beta, emphasizing scalability with increased per-database storage limits and the ability to create more databases. This enables developers to build production-scale applications on D1. Existing paid Workers plan users automatically benefit from these enhancements.

D1 is a native serverless SQL-based database designed for speed and ease of use, eliminating the need for learning a new query language. It integrates seamlessly with existing query builders and ORM libraries, supporting tools like Drizzle ORM and Kysely. For teams with existing databases, Hyperdrive allows integration with D1, making them feel global.

The beta version of D1 offers substantial upgrades: databases can now grow up to 2GB, and users can create up to 50,000 databases per account. This facilitates database-per-user use cases and customer isolation. Performance enhancements are ongoing to support even larger databases.

D1 introduces Time Travel, allowing databases to be rolled back to any minute within the last 30 days. This feature is enabled by default, incurs no additional cost, and does not count against storage limits. Time Travel simplifies error correction and offers a flexible approach to database management.

The pricing model has shifted to row-based billing, making it easier to predict and quantify usage. This model benefits from performance and cost efficiency, particularly when using indexed queries. D1 does not charge for database hours, the number of databases, or point-in-time recovery, focusing solely on reads, writes, and storage.

D1 is ideal for platforms, enabling the deployment of a database per customer or user, thereby isolating data and scaling horizontally. Early adopters like RONIN utilize D1 to provide edge-first content and data platforms with dedicated databases per customer.

Future developments include global read replication, expanded Time Travel capabilities, and increased storage limits. The goal is to make D1 generally available for production use by early 2024, with ongoing improvements in reliability and performance.